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肺活量测定

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ID: ANH13105chis
医学动画文字记录:肺活量测定是通过测量吸入和呼出空气的速度和量来测定肺部工作情况。正常情况下,当吸气时,空气在气管中自由流动,然后通过称为支气管的大管道,称为细支气管的小管道,最后进入称为肺泡的小囊。小血管,称为毛细血管,环绕在肺泡周围。呼吸的空气中的氧气进入毛细血管。然后身体里的二氧化碳通过毛细血管进入肺泡。当呼气时,就会排出二氧化碳。哮喘、支气管炎和肺纤维化等疾病会缩小细支气管,减少进入肺部的空气量。肺癌和肺气肿等疾病会损害肺泡,减少血液中的氧气量。这些疾病会使你呼吸困难。医生可能会建议做肺活量测定,以确定肺部的疾病,检查你现有肺部疾病的严重程度,或确定你服用的药物是否有帮助。在测定期间,护士将使用一种叫做肺活量计的设备。肺活量计是一种测量你呼出空气量的机器。在进行测定之前,你坐在一张舒适的椅子上,双脚平放在地板上。如果你有假牙,请取下假牙。为了达到最好的效果,建议你完全按照护理人员的指示去做。首先,抬起头和下颌,这样你才能轻松呼吸。接下来,在鼻子上夹一个夹子,防止空气从鼻孔流出。然后,深吸一口气,让肺完全充满空气,然后屏住呼吸。你要把肺量计的接口管在牙齿之间,把嘴唇紧紧地封住。最后,用尽全力尽快地将空气从肺部呼出,保持持续呼出,直到护理人员告诉你停止。如果你是一个成年人,至少吹6秒。10岁及以下的孩子吹3秒。你需要正确地执行三次肺活量测定,以获得准确的结果。

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