Loading…
Logo Medical Art Library

心脏解剖

ID: ANH12082chis
你的心脏是一台非凡的机器。在你的一生中,心脏肌肉壁将血液泵入遍布全身的血管分支。心脏有四个腔室。上面的两个心室,称为左心房和右心房,下面的两个心室,称为左心室和右心室,以一种稳定的节奏收缩,称为心跳。在正常的心跳中,血液从组织和肺部流入心房,然后流入心室。心脏内部的墙,称为房间隔和室间隔,有助于防止左右两侧的血液混合。两个瓣膜像门一样位于心房和心室之间,防止血液回流到心房。三尖瓣进入右心室,二尖瓣进入左心室。在心室剧烈收缩时,被称为肌腱索的强壮而薄的组织将瓣膜固定在原位。离开心室的血液经过另一组瓣膜:位于右心室和肺动脉干之间的肺动脉瓣和连接左心室和主动脉的主动脉瓣。为了更有效地泵血,心肌以一种独特的方式排列。三层心肌包裹着心脏下部。它们向不同的方向扭曲和收紧,将血液推入心脏。当被称为起搏器细胞的特殊细胞在心脏内部产生电信号时,被称为肌细胞的心肌细胞就会集体收缩。心脏分为左右两半,它们像双泵一样协同工作。在心脏的右侧,来自身体组织的脱氧血液流经称为上下腔静脉的大静脉,进入右心房。接下来,血液进入右心室,右心室收缩,将血液从心脏输送到肺部,收集氧气,排出二氧化碳。在心脏的左侧,来自肺部的富氧血液通过肺静脉流入左心房。然后血液进入左心室,左心室收缩,将血液通过主动脉送出心脏,为细胞和组织提供营养。主动脉的第一个分支是冠状动脉,它为心肌提供氧气和营养。在主动脉顶部,动脉分支将血液输送到头部和手臂。从主动脉的中部和下部分支的动脉为身体的其他部位提供血液。心脏平均每分钟跳动60~100次。在这一分钟内,心脏将大约5夸脱(5.2升)的血液泵入动脉,向全身输送稳定的氧气和营养物质。
Variations
    (none available)

Nucleus Medical Media Disclaimer of Medical and Legal Liability

Nucleus Medical Media ("Nucleus") does not dispense medical or legal advice, and the text, illustrations, photographs, animations and other information ("Content") available on this web site is for general information purposes only. As with any medical or legal issue, it is up to you to consult a physician or attorney for professional advice. YOU SHOULD NOT DISREGARD PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL OR LEGAL ADVICE BASED ON CONTENT CONTAINED ON THIS WEB SITE, NOR SHOULD YOU RELY ON THE CONTENT ON THIS WEB SITE IN PLACE OF PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL OR LEGAL ADVICE.

NUCLEUS DISCLAIMS ALL RESPONSIBILITY AND LIABILITY FOR ANY COUNSEL, ADVICE, TREATMENT, DIAGNOSIS OR ANY MEDICAL, LEGAL OR OTHER INFORMATION, SERVICES OR PRODUCTS THAT YOU OBTAIN BASED ON VIEWING THE CONTENT OF THIS SITE. THE INFORMATION ON THIS WEB SITE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED COMPLETE OR SUITABLE FOR ANY PURPOSE WHATSOEVER.

Mature Content Disclaimer: Certain Content on this web site contains graphic depictions or descriptions of medical information, which may be offensive to some viewers. Nucleus, its licensors, and its suppliers disclaim all responsibility for such materials.

close